Where your pay rise actually goes
Every extra dollar you earn is taxed at your marginal rate — the rate of your top tax bracket — not your average rate. That's why a raise never feels as big as the number your manager quoted. For 2025–26, a resident earning between $45,000 and $135,000 keeps 68c of each extra dollar after 30% income tax and the 2% Medicare levy; between $135,000 and $190,000 that falls to 61c, and above $190,000 to 53c.
HECS/HELP debt changes the picture materially. Under the marginal repayment system introduced in 2025–26, each dollar earned between $67,000 and $125,000 carries an extra 15c repayment, and dollars above $125,000 carry 17c. A $10,000 raise from $90,000 with a HECS debt returns $5,300 in the hand — a 47% effective deduction rate, all shown line-by-line in the calculator above.
The good news: a raise can never make you worse off. Bracket creep myths persist, but Australian brackets are marginal — only the extra dollars are taxed at the higher rate. Since HECS also became marginal in 2025–26, the old repayment cliffs are gone too. The one watch-out left is the Medicare levy surcharge: crossing $101,000 without private hospital cover adds a 1% surcharge on your whole income, which the income tax calculator can model.
Don't forget the invisible part of a raise: super. Employer contributions are 12% of your salary from 1 July 2025, so a $10,000 raise is really $11,200 of total remuneration — $1,200 of it landing in your fund. If you're negotiating, that's worth counting.
Figures are estimates using the selected year's ATO rates and assume the salaries are your only income for a full year. General information only — not tax advice.